![]() ![]() Tworetzky W, McElhinney DB, Reddy VM, Brook MM, Hanley FL, Silverman NH. Outcomes of critical congenital heart disease requiring emergent neonatal cardiac intervention. AIUM practice guideline for the performance of obstetric ultrasound examinations. ![]() American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine. ISUOG practice guidelines (updated): sonographic screening examination of the fetal heart. Carvalho JS, Allan LD, Chaoui R, et al International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. Evaluation of prenatal diagnosis of associated congenital heart diseases by fetal ultrasonographic examination in Europe. Stoll C, Garne E, Clementi M EUROSCAN Study Group. Effectiveness of prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart defects in South Australia: a population analysis 1999-2003. Khoo NS, Van Essen P, Richardson M, Robertson T. Fetal imaging: executive summary of a joint Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, American College of Radiology, Society for Pediatric Radiology, and Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound fetal imaging workshop. Reddy UM, Abuhamad AZ, Levine D, Saade GR Fetal Imaging Workshop Invited Participants. Barriers to prenatal detection of congenital heart disease: a population-based study. Pinto NM, Keenan HT, Minich LL, Puchalski MD, Heywood M, Botto LD. Timely diagnosis of significant CHD allows for development of a personalized pregnancy management plan. If the heart does not look normal, the patient should be referred for detailed evaluation. In particular, duct-dependent disease if undiagnosed results in circulatory collapse in the infant once the ductus closes. In isolated CHD, the prognosis is determined by the exact nature of the abnormalities. CHD may be isolated, but it may indicate aneuploidy or a syndrome that, if present, determines the prognosis. ![]() These additional views include the aortic arch and bicaval views, three-vessel view (3VV), and three-vessel trachea view (3TV). ![]() In addition, this article presents a checklist for assessment of the four-chamber view and demonstrates the expected normal appearance of the outflow tract views as well as the additional views required for complex obstetric US. This article presents a stepwise process to evaluate fetal cardiac anatomy using comparison with computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) images, which are more familiar to radiologists in busy general practices. If the goal of community-based screenings is to detect cases that may be abnormal and refer those to specialized centers for complete assessment, it is logical to use a checklist to confirm normal anatomy. Improvement of the initial screening examination, which is performed in low-risk populations and often interpreted by community radiologists, targets a point in the screening process that is likely to have the largest population effect. Despite the widespread use of ultrasonography (US) as a screening tool, the prenatal detection rate is suboptimal. Congenital heart disease (CHD) is an important cause of childhood mortality. ![]()
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